Shakespeares Sonnet 53 Essays - Sonnet 53, Shakespeares Sonnets

Shakespeare's Sonnet 53 Whether we realize it or not, we often give overlook the faults in the people who are dear to us. We focus on their good qualities and ignore the bad. This practice is not unique to our culture nor is it unique to our era. Shakespeare in his sonnet numbered 53, compares all beauty to his friend, and criticizes for trying to be as good as his friend. He does this by seemingly comparing his friend to things of beauty when in reality he is suggesting that his friend is the ideal and the beautiful things are merely copies or reflections of the friend. In choosing the words to describe the person in this sonnet, Shakespeare grabs hold of "what is loveliest in the world at large,"1 In the first two lines, Shakespeare asks what his friend is made of: "What is your substance, whereof are you made, /That millions of strange shadows on you tend?"2 Here he is asking how it is that shadows not produced by the person can be seen on him. He continues to elaborate on this question with the suggestion of his friend's indistinctness "as though he were a versatile actor whose true self were never disclosed."3 He writes: "Since every one hath, every one, one shade, /And you, but one, can every shadow lend."4 The friend does not have a single shadow

Free Essays on Vanessa Carlton

Vanessa Carlton is a new young artist that has come a long way in a very short amount of time. She got a four star rating on her debut album, Be Not Nobody. That says a lot for a young artist these days. She not only has a beautiful voice, but she can play the piano like Beethoven. She even writes her own lyrics and Alicia Keys influenced her. Although people may say that they sound alike, they are entirely different artists. Stephen Erlewine, the writer from allmusicguide.com, says that she has the soul-searching of Fiona Apple and the precise intricacies of Rick Wakeman. Her style is very laid-back and relaxing. She uses a lot of orchestral background music to help aid her Spring-like voice. The result is something quite surprising: it has an overwhelming, sweet, multi-layered appeal to people of all ages and cultures. The first person who actually introduced me to her music was one of my guy friends. He is only twenty and he is African American. I was surprised to hear that he moved out of his normal rap music and actually paid attention to someone like Vanessa Carlton. When I first heard her voice, I thought she was about twenty-six years old. I was soon startled when I found out that she was only my age. You may wonder why people are so infatuated with her and her music. The answer lies within her unique voice and engaging melodies. She is not the normal â€Å"self-centered† diva. She isn’t the average â€Å"buy my music because I have a young sexy body,† appeal either. She just has the â€Å"oomph† that you need to have to become a good artist these days. If our class were to divide into two groups of people who like her music, and people who don’t like her music, I am almost positive that the majority of our class would be on the side of the room that does like her music because she is so incredibly talented. Her album debuted in April of 2002 and has done extremely well in album sales. As Erlewine s... Free Essays on Vanessa Carlton Free Essays on Vanessa Carlton Vanessa Carlton is a new young artist that has come a long way in a very short amount of time. She got a four star rating on her debut album, Be Not Nobody. That says a lot for a young artist these days. She not only has a beautiful voice, but she can play the piano like Beethoven. She even writes her own lyrics and Alicia Keys influenced her. Although people may say that they sound alike, they are entirely different artists. Stephen Erlewine, the writer from allmusicguide.com, says that she has the soul-searching of Fiona Apple and the precise intricacies of Rick Wakeman. Her style is very laid-back and relaxing. She uses a lot of orchestral background music to help aid her Spring-like voice. The result is something quite surprising: it has an overwhelming, sweet, multi-layered appeal to people of all ages and cultures. The first person who actually introduced me to her music was one of my guy friends. He is only twenty and he is African American. I was surprised to hear that he moved out of his normal rap music and actually paid attention to someone like Vanessa Carlton. When I first heard her voice, I thought she was about twenty-six years old. I was soon startled when I found out that she was only my age. You may wonder why people are so infatuated with her and her music. The answer lies within her unique voice and engaging melodies. She is not the normal â€Å"self-centered† diva. She isn’t the average â€Å"buy my music because I have a young sexy body,† appeal either. She just has the â€Å"oomph† that you need to have to become a good artist these days. If our class were to divide into two groups of people who like her music, and people who don’t like her music, I am almost positive that the majority of our class would be on the side of the room that does like her music because she is so incredibly talented. Her album debuted in April of 2002 and has done extremely well in album sales. As Erlewine s...

Understanding Communicative Competence

Understanding Communicative Competence The term communicative competence refers to both the tacit knowledge of a language and the ability to use it effectively. Its also called  communication competence, and its the key to social acceptance. The concept of communicative competence (a term coined by linguist Dell Hymes in 1972) grew out of resistance to the concept of linguistic competence introduced by Noam Chomsky. Most scholars now consider linguistic competence to be a part of communicative competence. Examples and Observations Why have so many scholars, from so many fields, studied communicative competence within so many relational, institutional, and cultural contexts? Our hunch is that scholars, as well as the contemporary Western societies in which most live and work, widely accept the following tacit beliefs: (a) within any situation, not all things that can be said and done are equally competent; (b) success in personal and professional relationships depends, in no small part, on communicative competence; and (c) most people display incompetence in at least a few situations, and a smaller number are judged incompetent across many situations.(Wilson and Sabee) By far the most important development in TESOL has been the emphasis on a communicative approach in language teaching (Coste, 1976; Roulet, 1972; Widdowson, 1978). The one thing that everyone is certain about is the necessity to use language for communicative purposes in the classroom. Consequently, the concern for teaching linguistic competence has widened to include communicative competence, the socially appropriate use of language, and the methods reflect this shift from form to function.(Paulston) Hymes on Competence We have then to account for the fact that a normal child acquires knowledge of sentences not only as grammatical, but also as appropriate. He or she acquires competence as to when to speak, when not, and as to what to talk about with whom, when, where, in what manner. In short, a child becomes able to accomplish a repertoire of  speech acts, to take part in speech events, and to evaluate their accomplishment by others. This competence, moreover, is integral with attitudes, values, and motivations concerning language, its features and uses, and integral with competence for, and attitudes toward, the interrelation of language with the other code of communicative conduct.(Hymes) Canale and Swains Model of Communicative Competence In Theoretical Bases of Communicative Approaches to Second Language Teaching and Testing (Applied Linguistics, 1980), Michael Canale and Merrill Swain identified these four components of communicative competence: (i) Grammatical competence includes knowledge of phonology, orthography, vocabulary, word formation and sentence formation.(ii) Sociolinguistic competence includes knowledge of sociocultural rules of use. It is concerned with the learners ability to handle for example settings, topics and communicative functions in different sociolinguistic contexts. In addition, it deals with the use of appropriate grammatical forms for different communicative functions in different sociolinguistic contexts.(iii) Discourse competence is related to the learners mastery of understanding and producing texts in the modes of listening, speaking, reading and writing. It deals with cohesion and coherence in different types of texts.(iv) Strategic competence refers to compensatory strategies in case of grammatical or sociolinguistic or discourse difficulties, such as the use of reference sources, grammatical and lexical paraphrase, requests for repetition, clarification, slower speech, or problems in addres sing strangers when unsure of their social status or in finding the right cohesion devices. It is also concerned with such performance factors as coping with the nuisance of background noise or using gap fillers.(Peterwagner) Resources and Further Reading Canale, Michael, and Merrill Swain. â€Å"Theoretical Bases Of Communicative Approaches To Second Language Teaching And Testing.† Applied Linguistics, I, no. 1, 1 Mar. 1980, pp. 1-47, doi:10.1093/applin/i.1.1.Chomsky, Noam. Aspects of the Theory of Syntax. MIT, 1965.Hymes, Dell H. â€Å"Models of the Interaction of Language and Social Life.† Directions in Sociolinguistics: The Ethnography of Communication, edited by John J. Gumperz and Dell Hymes, Wiley-Blackwell, 1991, pp. 35-71.Hymes, Dell H. â€Å"On Communicative Competence.† Sociolinguistics: Selected Readings, edited by John Bernard Pride and Janet Holmes, Penguin, 1985, pp. 269-293.Paulston, Christina Bratt. Linguistics and Communicative Competence: Topics in ESL. Multilingual Matters, 1992.Peterwagner, Reinhold. What Is the Matter with Communicative Competence?: An Analysis to Encourage Teachers of English to Assess the Very Basis of Their Teaching. LIT Verlang, 2005.Rickheit, Gert, and Hans Strohner, edi tors. Handbook of Communication Competence: Handbooks of Applied Linguistics. De Gruyter, 2010. Wilson, Steven R., and Christina M. Sabee. â€Å"Explicating Communicative Competence as a Theoretical Term.† Handbook of Communication and Social Interaction Skills, edited by John O. Greene and Brant Raney Burleson, Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, 2003, pp. 3-50.

High-Tech Olympics Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 1

High-Tech Olympics - Essay Example One of the most interesting technologies presented in London Paralympics was running blades. From the enormous amount of money and time spent by researchers, the prosthetics have an ultimate purpose to improve the sports performance of people taking part in sports events. The other technology is the cheetah running blade which is the most desirable for sportsmen because of its high performance and extreme durability. The blades work like normal legs and can absorb high weight shock when running. Among other technologies used in the Olympics games, 2012 are the Olympic Torch, the design of the torch changes for each of the Olympics games. It includes two burners, an outer bright flame, and small inner blue flame; Quantum Aquatic Timers, which was created by OMEGA Company. This device has an improved resolution of 1 Â µs to the previous devices, so the resolution is about 100 times greater; Starting Blocks, which are used for starts in swimming; and TouchPads stopped by each swimmer through applying a pressure of about 1,5kg to 2,5kg. During the Olympic Games 2012, the cameras that were used include 3D HD, Driving Cameras, Sky Cameras, and Motion Cameras. As explained in the paper, the common method used to rank success of countries at the Olympic Games is a ranking order based first on the number of gold medals won, then silver and bronze. The planning and preparations for 2012 Olympic and Paralympics Games in London started four years before the opening ceremony. Identifyi ng the long-term impacts on people, communities, the economy and the environment are usually part of the planning. London became the first city which accepted games already the third time. The games were passed in London, the capital of Great Britain, from July 27 to August 12.

Corporation Privacy and the Impact of Mess Media to Business Thesis

Corporation Privacy and the Impact of Mess Media to Business - Thesis Example This research proposal holds significance in identifying the main steps required for the adoption of social media and helping adding to the literature on acceptance of technology. The need of the changing times requires us to study the practices of social media applications and determine how they differ in terms of different user motivations and social connections. It will also be important in examining the behavioral life cycle modification in the variation, retention and selection processes involved in the adoption of social media applications. The amount of literature on social media’s usage by small and micro-business owners is not much. There is a need to fill this gap in research literature regarding this subject. The research proposal is of extreme importance since the use of social media by small businesses is growing leading to the transformation of electronic commerce to social commerc.This research problem would provide the positive effects of Social Media for Busin esses that how the media facilitates Corporations and why the social media is necessary for organizations.  The research would be conduct by following the methodology of Case Study and focused on the Qualitative approach. In this method, we would use the interviewing method within the case study, which would be possible by the related public and the employees of the concern corporations and the social media as well.  

Nature Versus Nurture and Psychological Changes Essay Example for Free

Nature Versus Nurture and Psychological Changes Essay Students who have achieved mostly distinctions- Your work is detailed and well written, showing an excellent understanding of the developments through the life stages. You have shown an excellent knowledge of growth and development throughout the human lifespan and the physical and psychological changes of ageing. You show an excellent understanding of the potential effects of life factors and events on the development of the individual. Students who have achieved mostly merits- Your work is detailed, showing a good understanding of the developments through the life stages. You display a good understanding of growth and development throughout the human lifespan and the physical and psychological changes of ageing. You show a good understanding of the potential effects of life factors and events on the development of the individual. Students who have achieved mostly passes- You have understood the key aspects of the developments through the life stages. You have shown a basic understanding of growth and development throughout the human lifespan and the physical and psychological changes of ageing. You show a basic understanding of the potential effects of life factors and events on the development of the individual. Comments if they have achieved P1-P5 (pick and choose depending what they have achieved) You have achieved P1 because you are able to describe physical, intellectual, emotional and social development for each of the life stages of an individual. Well done! You have achieved P2 because you are able to explain the potential effects of five different life factors on the development of an individual. Well done! You have achieved P3 because you are able to explain the influences of two predictable and two unpredictable major life events on the development of an individual. Well done! You have achieved P4 because you are able to explain two theories of ageing. Well done! You have achieved P5 because you are able to explain the physical and psychological changes which may be associated with ageing. Well done! Comments if the students have achieved M1-M3 (pick and choose depending what they have achieved) You have achieved M1 because you are able to discuss the nature-nurture debate in relation to the development of an individual. Well done! You have achieved M2 because you are able to discuss two major theories of ageing in relation to the development of the individual. Well done! You have achieved M3 because you are able to discuss the effects on self- esteem and self- confidence of the physical changes associated with ageing. Well done! Comments if the students have achieved D1-D2 (pick and choose depending what they have achieved) You have achieved D1 because you are able to evaluate how nature and nurture may affect the physical, intellectual, emotional and social development of two stages of the development of an individual. Well done! You have achieved D2 because you are able to evaluate the influence of two major theories of ageing on health and social care provision. Well done! Comments for the ‘The ways in which it can be improved further’ section- Comments if the students still need to achieve P1-P5 due to failure or non-submission (pick and choose depending on what they have not achieved) In order to achieve P1 you need to clearly describe physical, intellectual, emotional and social development for each of the life stages of an individual. In order to achieve P2 you need to explain the potential effects of five different life factors on the development of an individual. In order to achieve P3 you need to explain the influences of two predictable and two unpredictable major life events on the development of an individual. In order to achieve P4 you need to be able to explain two theories of ageing.In order to achieve P5 because you need to be able to explain the physical and psychological changes which may be associated with ageing. Comments if the students still need to achieve M1-M3 due to failure or non-submission (pick and choose depending on what they have not achieved) In order to achieve M1 you need to be able to discuss the nature-nurture debate in relation to the development of an individual. In order to achieve M2 you need to be able to discuss two major theories of ageing in relation to the development of the individual. In order to achieve M3 you need to be able to discuss the effects on self- esteem and self- confidence of the physical changes associated with ageing. Comments if the students still need to achieve D1-D2 (pick and choose depending on what they have not achieved) In order to achieve D1 you need to be able to evaluate how nature and nurture may affect the physical, intellectual, emotional and social development of two stages of the development of an individual. In order to achieve D2 you need to be able to evaluate the influence of two major theories of ageing on health and social care provision. Comments for the ‘How to make this improvement section’- (I have used Alicia’s comments for this section because they relate well) Try to ensure that you have covered each criterion fully before handing it in for marking. You could have written in more detail and given fuller explanations of the points you made. Show that you have carried out independent research into the key concepts. Ensure that all sections of work are included in your folder when it is handed in for marking. You could have aimed for a higher grade / attempted the higher criteria. Check your work carefully before handing it in for marking. You could have attempted all of the Merit / Distinction criteria. Use the resources on Moodle and carry out your own research on the higher criteria. Hand work in more often so that you receive more frequent feedback on how to  improve your work. Improve attendance in lessons. Ask for guidance if you do not understand the higher criteria. Improve punctuality and attendance in lessons to ensure that you do not miss important sessions when new work is being covered. Research information independently, in order to gain a greater understanding of key concepts. Add full references within your work and a bibliography at the end of each section.

Law: Gideon Vs Wainright :: essays research papers fc

The framers formed this country with one sole document, the Constitution, which they wrote with great wisdom and foresight. This bountiful wisdom arose from the unjust treatment of King George to which the colonists were subject. Among these violations of the colonists' rights were inequitable trials that made a mockery of justice. As a result, a fair trial of the accused was a right given to the citizens along with other equities that the framers instilled in every other facet of this country's government. These assurances of the citizens' rights stated in the bill of rights. In the Sixth Amendment, it is stated that, "In all criminal prosecutions, the accused shall enjoy the right...to have the Assistance of Counsel for his defence." A first reading of this phrase one might be think that this right, that which gives a person accused of a crime to have lawyers for his defense, is common knowledge being that it is among the most basic rights given to the citizenry of the p ublic. However, the simple manner in which this amendment is phrased creates a "gray area", and subject to interpretation under different circumstances. The legitimacy of the right to mount a legal defense is further obscured by the Fourteenth Amendment which states, "No State shall make or enforce any law which shall abridge the privileges or immunities of citizens of the United States." As a result, many questions begin to arise which seek to determine the true right of the accused to the assistance of counsel. Should legal counsel be provided by the government if the accused lacks the funds to assemble a counsel for his defense? Or, on the other hand, does this amendment set the responsibility of assembling a defensive counsel on the accused even if he or she lacks the funds to do so? Also, do the states have the right to make their own legislation regarding the right of the indigent accused to have counsel appointed to them in the state trials, or does the Fo urteenth Amendment prevent this? The Supreme Court was faced with answering these questions in the case of Gideon v. Wainwright. In June of 1961, Clarence Earl Gideon, a fifty year old petty thief, drifter, and gambler who had spent much of his life in and out of jail was arrested in Panama City Florida. He was charged with breaking into a poolroom one night in an effort to steal beer, Coke, and coins from a cigarette machine (Goodman 62).

Concept of data mining and warehouse

Abstraction: Data excavation can detect information hidden within valuable informations assets. Knowledge find, utilizing advanced information engineerings, can bring out venas of surprising, aureate penetrations in a mountain of factual informations. Data excavation consists of panoply of powerful tools which are intuitive, easy to explicate, apprehensible, and simple to utilize. These advanced information engineerings include unreal intelligence methods ( e.g. adept systems, fuzzed logic, etc. ) , determination trees, regulation initiation methods, familial algorithms and familial scheduling, nervous webs ( e.g. back extension, associate memories, etc. ) , and constellating techniques. The synergism created between informations warehousing and informations excavation allows cognition searchers to leverage their monolithic informations assets, therefore bettering the quality and effectivity of their determinations. The turning demands for informations excavation and real-time analys is of information will be a impulsive force in the development of new informations warehouse architectures and methods and, conversely, the development of new informations excavation methods and applications. Keywords: Computer package, Data excavation, Data structuring, Knowledge-based systemsIntroductionData excavation is concerned with detecting new, meaningful information, so that determination shapers can larn every bit much as they can from their valuable informations assets. Using advanced information engineerings, cognition find in databases, can bring out venas of surprising and aureate penetrations in a mountain of factual informations. Data repositing is a methodological analysis that combines and co-ordinates many sets of diversified informations into a incorporate and consistent organic structure of utile information. In larger organisations, many different types of users with varied demands must use the same monolithic informations warehouse to recover those pieces of information which best suit their alone demands.DATA Mining CONCEPTSData excavation can be defined as the procedure of researching and analysing big volumes of informations in order to detect interesting and co ncealed forms, regulations and relationships with informations. The intent of informations excavation is to let a corporation to better its selling, gross revenues and client support operations through better apprehension of its clients. Large corporation are utilizing informations excavation to turn up high-value clients, to heighten their merchandise offerings to increase gross revenues and to minimise losingss due to error or fraud.HOW DATA MINING WORKSData excavation is a constituent of a wider procedure called â€Å" cognition find from database † . It involves scientists and statisticians, every bit good as those working in other Fieldss such as machine acquisition, unreal intelligence, information retrieval and pattern acknowledgment. Before a information set can be mined, it foremost has to be â€Å" cleaned † . This cleansing procedure removes mistakes, ensures consistence and takes losing values into history. Next, computing machine algorithms are used to â€Å" mine † the clean informations looking for unusual forms. Finally, the forms are interpreted to bring forth new cognition. How informations excavation can help bankers in heightening their concerns is illustrated in this illustration. Records include information such as age, sex, matrimonial position, business, figure of kids, and etc. of the bank ‘s clients over the old ages are used in the excavation procedure. First, an algorithm is used to place features that distinguish clients who took out a peculiar sort of loan from those who did non. Finally, it develops â€Å" regulations † by which it can place clients who are likely to be good campaigners for such a loan. These regulations are so used to place such clients on the balance of the database. Next, another algorithm is used to screen the database into bunch or groups of people with many similar properties, with the hope that these might uncover interesting and unusual forms. Finally, the forms revealed by these bunchs are so interpreted by the information mineworkers, in coaction with bank forcesDATA WAREHOUSE CONCEPTSData repositing is a subject-oriented, integrated, historical and summarized informations in support of direction ‘s determination devising.Capable orientedIt shops subject-oriented information such as clients, merchandises and pupils instead than the application countries such as client invoicing, stock list and pupil direction.IntegratedIt is the consolidation and integrating of corporate application-oriented informations from multiple beginnings. The integrated informations beginning must be made consistent to show a incorporate position of the informations to the users.HistoricalData warehouse informations is historical. It represents snapshots overtime. Data is read merely because it is historical informations.SummarizedA information repositing system can frequently be summarized to an appropriate degree of item. A information warehouse provides information to help companies in determination devising. Companies can utilize the valuable information in a information warehouse to place tendencies. A information repositing is a procedure that can:Retrieve information from the beginning systemsTransform informations into a utile format to put into the informations warehousePull off the databaseUse tools for edifice and pull offing the information warehouseDATA Mining TOOLSOrganizations that wish to utilize informations excavation tools can buy excavation plans designed for bing package and hardware platforms, which can be integrated into new merchandises and systems as they are brought online, or they can construct their ain usage excavation solution. For case, feeding the end product of a information excavation exercising into another computing machine system, such as a nervous web, is rather common and can give the mined informations more value. This is because the informations excavation tool g athers the informations, while the 2nd plan ( e.g. , the nervous web ) makes determinations based on the information collected. Different types of informations excavation tools are available in the market place, each with their ain strengths and failings. Internal hearers need to be cognizant of the different sorts of informations excavation tools available and urge the purchase of a tool that matches the organisation ‘s current detective demands. This should be considered every bit early as possible in the undertaking ‘s lifecycle, possibly even in the feasibleness survey. Most informations excavation tools can be classified into one of three classs: traditional informations excavation tools, splashboards, and text-mining tools. Below is a description of each.Traditional Data Mining Tools. Traditional information excavation plans help companies set up informations forms and tendencies by utilizing a figure of complex algorithms and techniques. Some of these tools are installed on the desktop to supervise the information and high spot tendencies and others capture information residing outside a database. The bulk are available in both Windows and UNIX versions, although some specialize in one operating system merely. In add-on, while some may concentrate on one database type, most will be able to manage any informations utilizing on-line analytical processing or a similar engineering.Splashboards. Installed in computing machines to supervise information in a database, splashboards reflect informations alterations and updates onscreen – frequently in the signifier of a chart or table – enabling the user to see how the concern is executing. Historical informations besides can be referenced, enabling the user to see where things have changed ( e.g. , addition in gross revenues from the same period last twelvemonth ) . This functionality makes splashboards easy to utilize and peculiarly appealing to directors who wish to hold an overview of the company ‘s public presentation.Text-mining Tools. The 3rd type of informations mining tool sometimes is called a text-mining tool because of its ability to mine informations from different sorts of text – from Microsoft Word and Acrobat PDF paperss to simple text files, for illustration. These tools scan content and change over the selected information into a format that is compatible with the tool ‘s database, therefore supplying users with an easy and convenient manner of accessing informations without the demand to open different applications. Scanned content can be unstructured ( i.e. , information is scattered about indiscriminately across the papers, including electronic mails, Internet pages, sound and picture informations ) or structured ( i.e. , the information ‘s signifier and intent is known, such as content found in a database ) . Capturing these inputs can supply organisations with a wealth of information that can be mined to detect tendencies, constructs, and attitudes.Besides these tools, other applications and plans may be used for informations excavation intents. For case, audit question tools can be used to foreground fraud, information anomalousnesss, and forms. In add-on, internal hearers can utilize spreadsheets to set about simple informations excavation exercisings or to bring forth drumhead tabular arraies. Some of the desktop, notebook, and server computing machines that run runing systems such as Windows, Linux, and Macintosh can be imported straight into Microsoft Excel. Using polar tabular arraies in the s preadsheet, hearers can reexamine complex informations in a simplified format and bore down where necessary to happen the underlining premises or information. When measuring informations excavation schemes, companies may make up one's mind to get several tools for specific intents, instead than buying one tool that meets all demands. Although geting several tools is non a mainstream attack, a company may take to make so if, for illustration, it installs a splashboard to maintain directors informed on concern affairs, a full data-mining suite to gaining control and construct informations for its selling and gross revenues weaponries, and an question tool so hearers can place fraud activity.DATAMINING TechniqueIn add-on to utilizing a peculiar information excavation tool, internal hearers can take from a assortment of informations mining techniques. The most normally used techniques include unreal nervous webs, determination trees, and the nearest-neighbor method. Each of these techniques analyzes informations in different ways:Artificial nervous webs are non-linear, prognostic theoretical accounts that learn through preparation. Although th ey are powerful prognostic mold techniques, some of the power comes at the disbursal of easiness of usage and deployment. One country where hearers can easy utilize them is when reexamining records to place fraud and fraud-like actions. Because of their complexness, they are better employed in state of affairss where they can be used and reused, such as reexamining recognition card minutess every month to look into for anomalousnesss.Decision trees are arboreal constructions that represent determination sets. These determinations generate regulations, which so are used to sort informations. Decision trees are the favorite technique for constructing apprehensible theoretical accounts. Hearers can utilize them to measure, for illustration, whether the organisation is utilizing an appropriate cost-efficient selling scheme that is based on the assigned value of the client, such as net income.The nearest-neighbor method classifies dataset records based on similar informations in a histor ical dataset. Hearers can utilize this attack to specify a papers that is interesting to them and inquire the system to seek for similar points.Each of these attacks brings different advantages and disadvantages that need to be considered prior to their usage. Nervous webs, which are hard to implement, necessitate all input and end point end product to be expressed numerically, therefore necessitating some kind of reading depending on the nature of the data-mining exercising. The determination tree technique is the most normally used methodological analysis, because it is simple and straightforward to implement. Finally, the nearest-neighbor method relies more on associating similar points and, hence, works better for extrapolation instead than prognostic questions. A good manner to use advanced informations excavation techniques is to hold a flexible and synergistic informations excavation tool that is to the full integrated with a database or informations warehouse. Using a tool that operates outside of the database or informations warehouse is non as efficient. Using such a tool will affect excess stairss to pull out, import, and analyze the information. When a information excavation tool is integrated with the informations warehouse, it simplifies the application and execution of excavation consequences. Furthermore, as the warehouse grows with new determinations and consequences, the organisation can mine best patterns continually and use them to future determinations. Regardless of the technique used, the existent value behind informations excavation is patterning – the procedure of constructing a theoretical account based on user-specified standards from already captured informations. Once a theoretical account is built, it can be used in similar state of affairss where an reply is non known. For illustration, an organisation looking to get new clients can make a theoretical account of its ideal client that is based on bing informations captured from people who antecedently purchased the merchandise. The theoretical account so is used to question informations on prospective clients to see if they match the profile. Modeling besides can be used in audit sections to foretell the figure of hearers required to set about an audit program based on old efforts and similar work.BENEFITS OF DATA MINING & A ; DATA WAREHOUSE TO ORGANIZATIONSBenefits of Data MiningOrganizations ‘ point of positionData excavation is really of import to concerns b ecause it helps to heighten their overall operations and detect new forms that may let companies gives better function to their clients. Through informations excavation, fiscal and insurance companies are able to observe forms of deceitful recognition card use, place behavior forms of hazard clients, and analyze claims.Besides that, informations excavation besides help these companies minimize their hazard and increase their net incomes. Since companies are able to minimise their hazard, they may be able to bear down the clients lower involvement rate or lower premium. Companies are stating that information excavation is good to everyone because some of the benefit that they obtained through informations excavation will be passed on to the consumers. Data excavation allows marketing companies to aim their clients more efficaciously, hence, can cut down their demands for mass advertizements. As a consequence, the companies can go through on their economy to the consumers. Harmonizing to Michael Turner, an executive manager of a Directing Marking Association † Detailed consumer information lets apparel retail merchants market their merchandises to consumers with more preciseness. But if privateness regulations impose limitations and barriers to informations aggregation, those restrictions could increase the monetary values consumers pay when they buy from catalog or on-line dress retail merchants by 3.5 % to 11 % † . When it comes to privacy issues, organisations will state that they are making everything they can to protect their clients ‘ personal information. In add-on, they merely use consumer informations for ethical intents such as selling, observing recognition card fraudulent, and etc. To guarantee that personal information are used in an ethical manner, the main information officers ( CIO ) Magazine has put together a list of what they call the Six Commandments of Ethical Date Management. The six commandments include: â€Å" 1 ) information is a valuable corporate plus and should be managed as such, like hard currency, installations or any other corporate plus ; 2 ) the CIO is steward of corporate informations and is responsible for pull offing it over its life rhythm ( from its coevals to its appropriate devastation ) ; 3 ) the CIO is responsible for commanding entree to and usage of informations, as determined by governmental ordinance and corporate policy ; 4 ) the CIO is respo nsible for forestalling inappropriate devastation of informations ; 5 ) the CIO is responsible for conveying technological cognition to the development of informations direction patterns and policies ; 6 ) the CIO should spouse with executive equals to develop and put to death the organisation ‘s informations direction policies. † Since informations excavation is non a perfect procedure, errors such as mismatching information will happen. Companies and organisations are cognizant of this issue and seek to cover it. Harmonizing to Agrawal, an IBM ‘s research worker, informations obtained through excavation is merely associated with a 5 to 10 per centum loss in truth. However, with uninterrupted betterment in informations excavation techniques, the per centum in inaccuracy will diminish significantly.Benefits of Data WarehouseThere are a big figure of obvious advantages involved with utilizing a information warehouse. As the name suggests, a information warehouse is a computerized warehouse in which information is stored. The organisation that owns this information can analyse it in order to happen historical forms or connexions that can let them to do of import concern determinations. In this article I will travel over some of the advantages and disadvantages that are connected to informations warehouses. One of the best advantages to utilizing a information warehouse is that users will be able to entree a big sum of information. This information can be used to work out a big figure of jobs, and it can besides be used to increase the net incomes of a company. Not merely are users able to hold entree to a big sum of information, but this information is besides consistent. It is relevant and organized in an efficient mode. While it will help a company in increasing its net incomes, the cost of calculating will greatly be reduced. One powerful characteristic of information warehouses is that informations from different locations can be combined in one location. There are a figure of grounds why this is of import. When information is taken from multiple beginnings and placed in a centralised location, an organisation can analyse it in a manner that may let them to come up with different solutions than they would if they looked at the information individually. Data excavation is connected to informations warehouses, and nervous webs or computing machine algorithms are responsible. When information is analyzed from multiple beginnings, forms and connexions can be discovered which would non be found otherwise. Another advantage of information warehouses is that they can make a construction which will let alterations within the stored informations to be transferred back to operational systems. However there are a figure of disadvantages that need to be mentioned every bit good. Before informations can be stored within the warehouse, it must be cleaned, loaded, or extracted. This is a procedure that can take a long period of clip. There may besides be issues with compatibility. For illustration, a new dealing system may non work with systems that are already being used. Users who will be working with the informations warehouse must be trained to utilize it. If they are non trained decently, they may take non to work within the informations warehouse. If the informations warehouse can be accessed via the cyberspace, this could take to a big figure of security jobs. Another job with the informations warehouse is that it is hard to keep. Any organisation that is sing utilizing a information warehouse must make up one's mind if the benefits outweigh the costs. Once you have paid for the information warehouse, you will still necessitate to pay for the cost of care over clip. The costs involved with this must ever be taken into consideration. When it comes to hive awaying information, there are two techniques which are used. The first is called the dimensional technique. When the dimensional technique is used, information will be stored within the informations warehouse as facts. These facts will take the signifier of either text or numerical information. Data which is stored with the dimensional technique will incorporate information which is specific to one event. The dimensional technique is utile for workers who have a limited sum of information engineering accomplishments. It makes the informations easy for them to analyze and understand. In add-on to this, information warehouses that use the dimensional technique tend to run rapidly. The biggest job with the dimensional technique is if the company decides to alter the manner it conducts concern, it will be hard to alter the informations warehouse to back up it. The 2nd technique that is used hive awaying information is called database standardization. With this technique, the information is store in a 3rd normal signifier. While adding informations is easy, bring forthing studies can be boring.DecisionAs a decision, informations excavation can be good for concerns, authoritiess, society every bit good as the single individual. However, the major defect with informations excavati on is that it increases the hazard of privateness invasion. Currently, concern organisations do non hold sufficient security systems to protect the information that they obtained through informations excavation from unauthorised entree, though the usage of informations excavation should be restricted. In the hereafter, when companies are willing to pass money to develop sufficient security system to protect consumer informations, so the usage of informations excavation may be supported.

FOSS Research Assignment Essay

FOSS (Free and Open Source Software) had some trouble in 2006 when Microsoft submitted 235 patents that were allegedly violated by FOSS. Microsoft created these patents in order to collect royalties from companies in the â€Å"free world† (companies/people using free software). Eben Moglen of the Free Software Foundation contended that software is a mathematical algorithm and is not patentable. Moglen wrote, â€Å"It’s a tinderbox. As the commercial confrontation between free software and software-that’s-a-product becomes more fierce, patent law’s going to be the terrain on which a big piece of the war’s going to be fought.† FOSS has powerful corporate patrons and allies. So if Microsoft ever tried to sue Linux distributor Red Hat for patent infringement, for instance, OIN might sue Microsoft in retaliation, trying to enjoin distribution of Windows. In the 1970s and 1980s, software companies relied mainly on â€Å"trade secrets† doctrine and copyright law to protect their products. But everything changed in the 1990s. The copyright law was providing less protection to software than companies hoped for and the â€Å"trade secrets† doctrine was becoming unworkable because the secret itself (the source code) had to be revealed to an unlimited number of other people/companies. With the internet, Microsoft applied for 1,411 patents in 2002. By 2004 they submitted 3,780 patents. After that Microsoft had three choices. First they could do nothing and donate the patents to the development community. Second they could start suing other companies that were using their patents. Or third, they could begin licensing its patents to other companies for either royalties or access to their patents, which would be a cross-licensing deal. So they took the third option. Microsoft later made a deal with Novell. They agreed not to sue each other’s customers for patent infringement, which is okay because it’s something that Richard Stallman’s GPL doesn’t address. Novell then agreed to give MS a percentage of all its Linux revenue through 2011. Microsoft decided it would pay Novell $240 million for â€Å"coupons† that could sell to customers, who would then trade in the coupons for subscriptions to Novell’s Linux server software. They also paid a â€Å"balancing payment† for the patent part of the deal. So now all of the FOSS developers are in fear because â€Å"the big boys† aka MS could purchase their version of Linux through a vendor such as Novell while getting protection from lawsuits and letting the â€Å"little guys† to fend for themselves. But without the little guy developers, the future of high-quality FOSS is undetermined. So the Free Software Foundation drafted a new version of the GPL that would prevent anyone else from using the original copy’s loophole that MS exploited. But Moglen had another thought. The fact that MS was selling coupons that people/companies could trade in for Novell subscriptions meant that MS was now a Linux distributer and went against the terms of the GPL, and was in fact in violation themselves. So Moglen wrote that if MS continued to issue these coupons after the new GPL takes effect, it would be waiving its right to bring patent suits against all Linux users. Moglen kept his promise and the new version of the GPL was released that July. Microsoft and Novell proceeded with their deal. But Moglen’s revisions will prevent other companies from making any more deals like the Novell one. Microsoft hoped that the deal with Novell would be a model it could use it to collect royalties with other companies of free software. So the bridge from MS to FOSS failed, but we are now closer than ever to â€Å"patent Armageddon.† The bridge with MS needs to be burned and the patent system needs to be shut down. Moglen says â€Å"The free world says that software is the embodiment of knowledge about technology, which needs to be free in the same way that mathematics is free. Everybody is allowed to know as much of it as he wants, regardless of whether he can pay for it, and everybody can contribute and everybody can share.† Works Cited Article: â€Å"Microsoft takes on the free world† Link: http://money.cnn.com/magazines/fortune/fortune_archive/2007/05/28/100033867/index2.htm

The Death Of Ivan Ilych

The Death Of Ivan Ilych In "The Death of Ivan Ilych"‚ , the setting for this novella begins in the law courts. The second home of the main character Ivan. The story is told to us by explicit authorial comment, as the author is the narrator. Th author also used revelation through dialogue, depicted action, and the dialogue of other characters. It is with all of these methods that Leo Tolstoy reveals to us his and Ivan's feelings about death. A person gets the feeling that Ivan Ilych and Leo Tolstoy were very similar.When the story opens a group of Ivan's colleagues have gathered and they are discussing his death. They reminisce about the man they knew and immediately they all begin to think about the changes and the promotions his death will bring about. You learn that one of these men, Peter Ivanovich, was one of Ivan's closest friends. He and Ivan grew up together and went to law school together as well.IVAN PENEHEThe next scene is at the funeral of Ivan, which is held at his home. It is here that t he author introduces us to Ivan's widow, Praskovya Fedorovna. As the widow talks to Peter she begins by explaining how much Ivan suffered in his last three days. "He screamed unceasingly not for minutes but for hours. For the last three days he screamed incessantly."‚  (40) Just reading this you may think that his wife has some sympathy for her dead husband's suffering. But then she continues, "It was unendurable. I cannot understand how I bore it; you could hear him three rooms off. Oh, what I have suffered!"‚  (40) Now it turns into how much she has suffered. Tolstoy I feel used revelation through dialogue effectively in giving us the feeling that Mrs. Ilych is cold and uncaring. Peter...

How Minority Voters Helped Obama Win Reelection

How Minority Voters Helped Obama Win Reelection Americans from ethnic minority groups voted en masse to help  President Barack Obama win reelection. While just 39 percent of white Americans voted for Obama on Election Day 2012, staggering amounts of blacks, Hispanics and Asians backed the president at the ballot box. The reasons for this are multifaceted, but minority voters largely supported the president because they felt that Republican candidate Mitt Romney could not relate to them. A national exit poll revealed that 81 percent of Obama supporters said the quality that mattered most to them in a presidential candidate is whether he â€Å"cares about people like me.† Romney, born into wealth and privilege, apparently didn’t fit the bill. The growing disconnect between Republicans and the diverse American electorate wasn’t lost on political analyst Matthew Dowd. He remarked on ABC News after the election that the Republican Party no longer reflects U.S. society, using a television show analogy to make his point. â€Å"Republicans right now are a ‘Mad Men’ party in a ‘Modern Family’ world,† he said. The rise in minority voters reveals how much the United States has changed from 25 years ago when the electorate was 90 percent white. If the demographics had not changed, its highly unlikely that Obama would have made it to the White House. Loyal African Americans Blacks may be the second largest minority group in the United States, but their share of the electorate is larger than any other community of color. On Election Day 2012, African Americans made up 13 percent of U.S. voters. Ninety-three percent of these voters supported Obama’s reelection bid, down just two percent from 2008. While the African  American community has been accused of favoring Obama precisely because he’s black, the group has a long history of loyalty to Democratic political candidates. John Kerry, who lost the 2004 presidential race to George W. Bush, won 88 percent of the black vote. Given that the black electorate was two percent larger in 2012 than it was in 2004, the group’s devotion to Obama undoubtedly gave him an edge. Latinos Break Voting Record More Latinos than ever before turned out at the polls on Election Day 2012. Hispanics made up 10 percent of the electorate. Seventy-one percent of these Latinos backed President Obama for reelection. Latinos likely backed Obama overwhelmingly over Romney because they supported the president’s Affordable Care Act (Obamacare) as well as his decision to stop deporting undocumented immigrants who arrived in the U.S. as children. Republicans widely vetoed the  legislation known as the DREAM Act, which would have not only protected such immigrants from deportation but also put them on the path to citizenship. Republican opposition to immigration reform has alienated Latino voters, 60 percent of whom say they know an unauthorized immigrant, according to a Latino Decisions poll taken on the eve of the 2012 election. Affordable health care is also a major concern of the Latino community. Sixty-six percent of Hispanics say the government should ensure that the public has access to health care, and 61 percent support Obamacare, according to Latino Decisions. Rising Influence of Asian Americans Asian Americans make up a small (3 percent) but a growing percentage of the U.S. electorate. An estimated 73 percent of Asian Americans voted for President Obama, Voice of America determined on Nov. 7 using preliminary exit poll data. Obama has strong ties to the Asian community. Hes not only a native of Hawaii but grew up partly in Indonesia and has a half-Indonesian sister. These aspects of his background likely resonated with some Asian Americans.   While Asian American voters don’t yet wield the influence that black and Latino voters do, expect them to be a bigger factor in the next presidential election.  The Pew Research Center reported in 2012 that the Asian American community has actually outpaced Hispanics as the fastest-growing immigrant group in the country. In the 2016 presidential election, Asian Americans are expected to make up five percent of voters, if not more.

Work experience Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Work experience - Essay Example When working in this division, I had contact with multiple shipment vendors and worked to develop quality relationships with drivers and their related dispatchers. Invoicing was often a job requirement in the warehousing division. Sales and marketing dealt with identifying target markets for delivery of business-to-business promotional literature. In this business area, job responsibilities included heavy focus on relationship marketing to ensure that vendors within the supply chain remained responsive to our business’ needs. Monitoring strategic alliances for improving costs was often a business responsibility. In similar regard, customer service functions in the steel company included fielding calls from multiple clients and demanded proficiency in materials resource planning software. At the leadership level, accounting job responsibilities included calculating current and future net profit by reviewing balance sheets and income statements and recording revenue receipts. I earned considerable experience in the rules governing sales tax and income tax at the business level. Accounting gave me the ability to assess the financial health of a business through financial